web3 

+---------------------------+       +--------------------------------+       +--------------------------------+       +--------------------+       +------------------------+       +----------------------+
|       用户钱包 (Wallet)     |       |      去中心化应用 (dApp)        |       |       智能合约 (Smart Contract)  |       |   Oracles 数据源      |       |      区块链节点         |       |    去中心化存储         |
|  (MetaMask, TrustWallet)    |       |  前端: React, Vue, Angular      |       |  语言: Solidity, Vyper           |       | Chainlink, Band Protocol|       |  (Ethereum, BSC, Polygon)|       |  IPFS, Filecoin, Arweave|
+-------------+-------------+       |  Web3库: Web3.js, Ethers.js     |       |  工具: Hardhat, Truffle, Remix   |       +----------------------+       |   客户端: Geth, OpenEthereum|       |                            |
              |                   +-------------+------------------+       +-------------+------------------+                                  +------------+-----------+       +-----------+-----------+
              |                                 |                            |                           |                                  |             |                            |
              v                                 v                            |                           |                                  v             v                            v
                                                                             |                           |                  +-------------------------+       +------------------------+
                                                                             |                           |                  |       共识机制           |       |    数据存储与检索        |
                                                                             |                           |                  |     PoW, PoS, DPoS      |       +------------------------+
                                                                             |                           |                  +-------------------------+
                                                                             +---------------------------+

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